Investigation of Stability and Coagulation of Lyophobic Sols Using Computer Technology

To select effectively the coagulants, containing salts of metals, for purification of industrial waste waters, it is necessary to take into account not only the influence of multiply charged ions on coagulation process, hydrolysis ofsalts but also the probable mutual coagulation of sols. Therefore, when the reagents for water purification are selected, both their adsorptive capacity and the aggregate stability of the formed sols (that is determined by the coagulation threshold) should be considered. Techniques are developed for studying coagulation, stability and stabilization of lyophobic sols with application of computer technology allowing one to obtain quickly enough the necessary experimental results. The techniques were tested for the electrolytic coagulation of the Fe(OH)₃ sol with positively charged colloidal particles and the MnO₂ sol with negatively charged ones, as well as for their mutual coagulation. The technique is created for studying the stabilization of sols. It is shown that experiment results agree with the data available in literature. Some recommendations are given for water purification using a mix of electrolytes-coagulants and also for the process of mutual coagulation of sols.

References

[1] Ksenofontov B.S. Flotatsionnaya obrabotka vody, otxodov i pochvy [The floatation treatment of water, waste and soil]. Moscow, Novye Texnologii Publ., 2010, 272 p.

[2] Ksenofontov B.S. Purification technology of industrial sewage for power - factories. Bezopasnost’ zhiznedeyatelnosti: Prilozhenie [The Safety of a Life Activity: App.], 2009, no. 7, pp. 1-24 (in Russ.).

[3] Ksenofontov B.S. Biotechnological methods of water, soil and air purification. Bezopasnost’ zhiznedeyatelnosti: Prilozhenie [The Safety of a Life Activity: App.], 2010, no. 2, pp. 1-24 (in Russ.).

[4] Ksenofontov B.S. Intensification of sewage purification for chemical fabrication with use bioflocculant. Bezopasnost’ zhiznedeyatelnosti: Prilozhenie [The Safety of a Life Activity: App.], 2009, no. 10, pp. 1-24 (in Russ.).

[5] Ksenofontov B.S. Problems of sewage purification for the industrial factories. Bezopasnost’ zhiznedeyatelnosti: Prilozhenie [The Safety of a Life Activity: App.], 2011, no. 3, pp. 1-24 (in Russ.).

[6] Sorokina I.D., Dresvyannikov A.F. Iron-aluminum coagulant for water purification. Ekologiya i promyshlennost Rossii [Ecology and industry of Russia], 2010, no. 5, pp. 48-51 (in Russ.).

[7] Sorokina I.D., Dresvyannikov A.F., Yusupov R.A., Devyatov V.F. The heteronuclear connections in systems based on Fe(11), Fe (111), A1 (111), SO42, SG-H2O-OFT, NH3. Zhurnal prikladnoj ximii [J. App. Chem.], 2010, vol. 83, no. 4, pp. 540-545 (in Russ.).

[8] Ksenofontov B.S., Kozodaev A.S., Taranov A., Balina A., Vinogradov M.S. Technology of flow using reagent flotation. Ekologiya proizvodstva [Production Ecology], 2013, no. 4, pp. 60-63 (in Russ.).

[9] Arrojo S., Benito Y. A theoretical study of hydrodynamic cavitation. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2008, no. 15, pp. 203-211.

[10] Arrojo S., Benito Y. Treatment of wastewater streams containing phenolic compounds using hybrid techniques based on cavitation: A review of the current status and the way forward. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2007, no. 10, pp. 100-115.

[11] Introduction to Effluent Treatment and Industrial Methods. Resonance, 2000, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 56-68.

[12] Suslik K.S. Liquid oxidation: Hydrodinamic capitation for effective oxidation. Technology review, 2007, November, pp. 16-18.

[13] Goncharenko E.E., Badaev F.Z., Avsineeva N.K. Ustojchivost’ i koagulyatciya liofobnyx zolej [Stability and coagulation of lyophobic sols]. Moscow, MGTU im. N.E. Baumana Publ., 2011, 48 p.

[14] Zhilin D.M. Obschaya ximiya. Praktikum "L-mikro" [General chemistry. Practical work "L-micro"]. Moscow, MGIU Publ., 2006, 322 p.

[15] Nazarov V.V., Grodskij A.S., Morgunov A.F., eds. Praktikum i zadachnik po kolloidnoj ximii. poverxnostnye yavleniya i dispersnye sistemy [Practical work and problem book on colloidal chemistry. Superficial phenomena and disperse systems]. Moscow, IKTC "Akademkniga" Publ., 2007, 374 p.

[16] Shchukin E.D., Pertsov A.V., Amelina E.A. Kolloidnaya ximiya [Colloidal chem.]. Moscow, Vysshaya Shkola Publ., 2006, 444 p.

[17] Shershavina A.A. Fizicheskaya i kolloidnaya ximiya. metody fiziko-ximicheskogo analiza [Physical and colloidal chem. Methods of the physical and chem. analysis]. Moscow, Novoe Znanie Publ., 2005, 800 p.

[18] Golfman M.I., Kirsanova N.V., Kovalevich O.V., eds. Praktikum po kolloidnoj ximii [Practical work on colloidal chem.]. S.- Petersburg, "Lan" Publ., 2005, 256 p.

[19] Kruglyakov P.M., Xaskova T.N. Fizicheskaya i kolloidnaya ximiya [Physical and colloidal chem.]. Moscow, Vysshaya Shkola Publ., 2005, 319 p.