PHYSICS
POSSIBILITIES OF DARK MATTER ELEMENTARY
PARTICLES REGISTRATION
V.S. Gorelik
P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow, Russian Federation
e-mail:
gorelik@sci.lebedev.ruThe paper considers the modern opportunities for experimental detection of dark
matter particles (axions). In accordance with the theoretical predictions, these
particles have very small rest mass corresponding to the energy in the range of
0.001. . . 1.0 meV. It discusses the possibilities of the visible range laser radiation
conversion into the emission of axions both in vacuum and in material media as
well as the inverse processes using experimental facilities for the Primakoff effect
observation (“Light shining through wall”). It is proposed to implement a stimulated
photon-axion conversion for pumping while using the pulsed laser sources with
a high spectral intensity of radiation. To improve the efficiency of the photon-
axion conversion, it is also suggested to use the dielectric media characterized
by the presence of unitary polaritons in their spectrum, if their refractive index is
close to one. In this case, the synchronism conditions can be fulfilled during an
elementary process of axion-photon conversion. Schemes of the possible experiments
are presented to observe the processes of conversion of axions into microwave photons
at low temperatures in a strong magnetic field.
Keywords
:
axion, parafoton, resonator, receiver, rest mass, conversion, laser,
generation.
According to the modern concepts of high-energy physics [1-4] about
scenarios for the evolution of the Universe, after the initial homogenious
and isotropic state of the physical vacuum, an irreversible phase transition
occurred that resulted in reduction of the vacuum symmetry. The so-called
standard model of this phase transition is based on the use of local (gauge)
symmetry specified by the group
SU
2
×
U(1)
. The conclusion of this
theory is the prediction of the scalar field formation in vacuum, specifying
the symmetry of low temperature phase and leading to the formation of
massive elementary particles. In particular, in the spectrum of elementary
particles in a high-energy field, the existence of a “heavy” scalar particle —
the Higgs boson [4–7], has been predicted, which is being intensively
searched for in recent years using experimental facilities, which generate
elementary particles with the energy above 1 TeV. This particle is supposed
to be detected as a result of the analysis of the allowed processes of scalar
Higgs boson decay into pairs of gamma-quanta, the presence of which
may be determined by traditional methods known in elementary-particle
physics. Along with a scalar Higgs boson, also called amplitudon, in the
theory of phase transition in vacuum there is a massless Nambu – Goldstone
boson called phason.
ISSN 1812-3368. Herald of the BMSTU. Series “Natural Sciences”. 2014. No. 6
3